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SUMMARY:St. Jacob Burdono +578
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20251127T183000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20251128T183000Z
UID:139661994109
DESCRIPTION:November 28th is the commemoration of the dukhrono of St. Jaco
 b Baradaeus +578 according to the Liturgical Calendar of the Syriac Orthod
 ox Church. \n\nMor Yac'ub Burd’ono was born in Tella Mawzalt also known 
 as Constantina (Viranşehir\,Turkey) near Nisbis\, to the Syriac Orthodox 
 priest Theophilose bar Manu. His parents did not have children for a long 
 time & in fulfillment of a vow made by his parents\, he was dedicated to G
 od. At the age of 2\, Jacob was entrusted to the care of Eustathius\, abbo
 t of the Monastery (Reesh Dayroyo)\, in Phaselita. Here he learnt Greek\, 
 Syriac & the basics of asceticism. One day his mother visited the monaster
 y wanting to take him with her. He was not willing to go home even for a v
 isit saying\, “I am fully dedicated to Christ\, my mother has no share i
 n me.” He distributed all the properties that he inherited from his pare
 nts among the poor\, & reserved nothing for himself. \n\nJacob was ordaine
 d deacon & later Priest. He was known for working miracles\; sick people c
 ame from far & wide to be healed by him. St. Jacob raised the dead\, resto
 red sight to the blind\, gave rain\, & even made the Sun stand still. His 
 fame spread all over the East. \n\nMor Yac'ub lived during one of the hars
 hest periods of the Syriac Church. After the Church refused the Chalcedoni
 an formula of faith\, it came under the oppression of the Byzantine empero
 rs. The Syriac Orthodox Church did not accept the Chalcedonian definition\
 , but along with the Copts accepted only the 3 Holy Ecumenical Synods. The
  Church affirms that the Lord Jesus Christ is the Incarnate Son of God\, w
 ho took a perfect manhood without sin\, & who bore the human sins on the c
 ross & died for the sake of all humanity. Jesus made His Humanity one with
  His Divinity without mixing nor mingling nor changing. The teachings of S
 t. Athanasius & St. Cyril of Alexandria & St. Severus of Antioch are very 
 important in understanding the tenet of Christology of the Syriac Orthodox
  Church. This faith is known as Miaphysite\, while the Chalcedonian faith 
 is dyophysite & resembles the Nestorian heresy which was rejected previous
 ly. \n\nEmperor Justinian had resolved to enforce the Chalcedonian decrees
  universally\, & the Bishops\, clergy & faithful who refused to accept the
  decrees were punished with imprisonment\, deprivation\, exile or death. A
 s a result\, the Orthodox were deprived of their spiritual leaders & for a
 bout ten years many churches had to forgo the sacraments. The faithful wer
 e not ready to accept the sacraments from the heretics. Chalcedonians were
  known as the Melchites/Melkites (from the Syriac Malkoye - the royal part
 y or the Emperor’s men) since the emperor ardently supported them. The w
 ife of Justinian was however a staunch Orthodox Christian\, the daughter o
 f a Syriac Orthodox priest. It is important to know that Empress Theodora 
 was enthroned with equal rights & powers as her husband. St. Theodora requ
 ested Mor Yac'ub to visit Constantinople\, however he didn't want to go. H
 e later received a vision from Mor Severus & Mor John of Tella directing h
 im & so he went. While the Emperor & the courts wished to persecute Jacob\
 , he was welcomed with honour by the Empress. At the personal castle of Th
 eodora\, many Orthodox faithful & leaders sought refuge including Coptic P
 ope Theodosius I. \n\nWith the support of the Ghassanid King al-Harith Ibn
  Jabalah al-Ghassani (The Ghassanids were an ethnic Arab Syriac Orthodox k
 ingdom)\, Theodora managed to get Mor Yac'ub Burd'ono ordained as "univers
 al bishop" "by Patriarch Theodosius I of Alexandria\, Patriarch Anthimus I
  of Constantinople & another imprisoned metropolitan to spread the Orthodo
 x faith & ordain clergy. \n\nSt. Jacob is known by the surname Baradaeus. 
 The surname Baradaeus is derived from ‘baradai’ (clad in rags) or the 
 ragged beggars garb\, patched-up out of the old saddle-cloths which he use
 d for his multiple swift & secret journeys across the land. He walked on f
 oot through Asia minor\, Syria\, Mesopotamia\, the adjacent provinces\, th
 e borders of Persia & into Alexandria. He both exhorted the faithful & sen
 t encyclicals encouraging them to remain steadfast in the true Orthodox fa
 ith. He ordained 2 Patriarchs\; Mor Sergius & Mor Paul II\, at least 27 bi
 shops & thousands of priests & deacons for the Orthodox Church. The Melchi
 tes were furious at the successful efforts of St. Jacob in protecting the 
 true faith\, even offering a reward for his capture. But by the grace of G
 od almighty\, Mor Yac'ub always eluded the persecutors. He also worked tir
 elessly to reconcile the Miaphysites & the Chalcedonians but extremism\, m
 isunderstanding & ecclesiastical politics hindered his efforts. \n\nMor Ya
 c'ub wrote an anaphora in fifteen pages beginning with “O Lord\, the mos
 t Holy Father of peace” & several letters\, four of which were published
  in the Syriac Documents—3 addressed to John of Ephesus & others\, & a g
 eneral letter to the various clergy which is mentioned in his lengthy biog
 raphy.\n\nHe continued his work for thirty-five years\, tirelessly fightin
 g the good fight for the Church of God\, which he diligently supported in 
 the time of great adversity until he died at the Monastery of Romanus or t
 he Monastery of Cassian on July 30\, 578AD. According to a short account b
 y Mor Quryaqos\, bishop of Mardin\, the remains of Mor Yac'ub were kept at
  the Monastery of Cassian in the confines of Egypt until A. Gr. 933 (A.D. 
 622)\, when they were translated to the Monastery of Phaselita\, near Tell
 a Mouzalat by Mor Zakkai\, bishop of Tella. A portion of the relics of Mor
  Yac'ub Burd’ono was interred at St. Stephen’s Bes-ania Church\, Chela
 d\, Kothamangalam by St. Gregorius Geevarghese Chathuruthil (Parumala Thir
 umeni). \n\nAlthough the political & dynastic storms again the Holy Church
  swept that portion of the world\, the efforts of St Jacob preserved the t
 rue undefiled Orthodox (Miaphysite) Faith. The Melchites (Chalcedonians\, 
 including current EO & Roman Catholics) derogatorily referred to all Miaph
 ysites (including the Coptics\, Armenians\, Abbyssinians etc) as Jacobites
 . The term Jacobite was used to insinuate that the Miaphysite Orthodox bro
 ke away from the Melchites. The name Jacobite has been associated with the
  Orthodox Church since the 6th century\, it was used by the Melchites to d
 isgrace the noble Church. However\, the Syriac Orthodox Church does not co
 nsider St. Jacob as the founder of the Church\, but one of its greatest fa
 thers. Mor Yac'ub Burd’ono did not introduce any new doctrines to the Ch
 urch but fought to preserve its True Orthodox faith & Apostolic origins si
 nce the Holy Throne was established by St. Peter the chief of the Holy Apo
 stles in AD 37. \n\nAll Orthodox faithful should gratefully remember St. J
 acob Baradaeus as he is responsible for restoring the Church from extincti
 on by his indomitable zeal & untiring activity\, as the Church was threate
 ned by the persecution of imperial power.  He is one of the most illustrio
 us Church Fathers\, known for his godliness & piety\; he attained the summ
 it of religious & austere asceticism. Mor Yac'ub Burd’ono was arguably t
 he greatest Apostolic fighter in support of the true Orthodox faith\, unce
 asingly working to protect & promote Orthodoxy in the face of immense pers
 ecution. He is honored in the 5th Dypthic (Thubden d-Qadishe) every Sunday
  in the Syriac Orthodox Church as "...Our venerable and Holy Father Mor Ja
 cob Baradaeus\, the upholder of the Orthodox faith" \n\nBiography courtesy
  of\, 'Martyrs\, Saints and Prelates of the Syriac Orthodox Church' and Sy
 riac Orthodox Resources (SOR website). \n\nOh Mor Yac'ub Burd’ono! Plead
  for us before God's throne of grace. Amen.\n\nTo read the biography of Mo
 r Yac'ub Burd’ono in Arabic: https://goo.gl/mBo4pX\n\n\nParis 146 and Va
 t. LXIX
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