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BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Lakeview Grammar School Fire Collingwood OH
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260304T050000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260305T050000Z
UID:301919617973
DESCRIPTION:The Collinwood school fire (also known as the Lake View School
  fire) of Ash Wednesday\, March 4\, 1908\, was one of the deadliest disast
 ers of its type in the United States. 172 students\, two teachers and a re
 scuer were killed in the conflagration in Collinwood\, Ohio\, a community 
 that has since been absorbed into the city of Cleveland.\nWhile the Lake V
 iew School was built with load-bearing masonry outer walls\, much of the f
 our story building's floor structure system used wooden joists. It was one
  wooden joist that caught fire when it was overheated by a steam pipe. The
  building’s main stair case extended from the front doors of the buildin
 g\, up to the third floor\; without benefit of fire doors. The stairwell a
 cted like a chimney\, helping to spread the fire quickly. Oiled wooden hal
 l and classroom floors also fueled the fire.\nA common misconception about
  the building's design is that the doors opened inward. They did not\, as 
 has been verified in accounts of the fire written at the time. Doors to th
 e building were equipped with common door knob latches\, not the more mode
 rn crash bar type latch. As panic leading to the crush of a large number o
 f students in stairwell vestibules contributed to the death toll\, student
 s also died as a result of smoke inhalation and the fire itself. Some chil
 dren died jumping from second- and third-story windows. Community members 
 watched as victims trapped in the building were burned beyond recognition.
 \nThose killed in the fire who could not be individually identified\, as w
 ell as those students whose parents could not afford a burial\, were burie
 d in a mass grave in Cleveland's Lake View Cemetery. Additionally\, severa
 l families who lost their children in the fire chose to bury their childre
 n's remains adjacent to the Collinwood victims.[1]\nFollowing the fire\, t
 he remains of the Lake View School were demolished and a memorial garden p
 lanned for the site. A new school—Collinwood Memorial Elementary School
 —was built adjacent to the disaster site\, and incorporated many feature
 s that had been lacking in the previous building. Unlike the building invo
 lved in the disaster\, the new school incorporated fire safe stairwells\, 
 a central alarm system\, and was built of steel framing and other fire-saf
 e materials. Although the new school was torn down in 2004\, a memorial pl
 aque remains on the site as new development is added to the area.\nIn the 
 aftermath of the catastrophic Iroquois Theatre Fire in Chicago\, 1903\, a 
 national drive was instigated to upgrade safe egress from buildings. Offic
 ial regulations required that doors now open from the inside and swing out
 ward\, thereby facilitating public exit. The installation of what were cal
 led "panic bar" latches were mandated for doors in schools. The final casu
 alty of the fire was the independence of the Collinwood community itself. 
 Unable to sufficiently guarantee fire safety resources for its residents\,
  voters approved an annexation of Collinwood into Cleveland within two yea
 rs of the fire.[citation needed]\n\nhttp://www.deadohio.com/collinwood.htm
 \n
LOCATION:
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